{"id":14906,"date":"2016-09-21T13:09:21","date_gmt":"2016-09-21T17:09:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/?p=14906"},"modified":"2016-09-30T16:52:34","modified_gmt":"2016-09-30T20:52:34","slug":"music-matters-chapter-four","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/2016\/music-matters-chapter-four\/","title":{"rendered":"Music Matters chapter four"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Public-facing note taking on\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.musicmatters2.com\/\">Music Matters by David Elliott and Marissa Silverman<\/a>\u00a0for my Philosophy of Music Education class.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>What is education?<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"14737\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/?attachment_id=14737\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/img_2669.jpg?fit=3264%2C2448&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"3264,2448\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.4&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 5&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1472071500&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.12&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;320&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.058823529411765&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Milo gets some STEM education\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/img_2669.jpg?fit=640%2C480&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-14737\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/img_2669-1024x768.jpg?resize=640%2C480&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Milo gets some STEM education\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/img_2669.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/img_2669.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/img_2669.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/img_2669.jpg?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/img_2669.jpg?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The etymology of the word &#8220;education&#8221; from its various Latin roots gives a good overview of modern senses of the word:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Educationem:<\/em> rearing children, animals, plants and promoting physical development<\/li>\n<li><em>Educare:<\/em> to train or mold<\/li>\n<li><em>Educo<\/em> and <em>educere:<\/em> to lead out, to &#8220;teach a man to fish&#8221;\u00a0as per\u00a0Lao Tzu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!--more--><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marie_de_Gournay\">Gournay&#8217;s<\/a> proto-feminist educational philosophy focused on the moral development of students.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau\">Rousseau<\/a> expressed his philosophy\u00a0by depicting\u00a0a\u00a0fictional student named Emile who lived in Montessori heaven, doing informal self-guided exploration with an eye toward maintaining his essential goodness.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ethanhein.com\/wp\/2016\/john-dewey-on-music-education-as-experience\/\">Dewey<\/a>\u00a0holds that\u00a0education should possess the following characteristics:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Addresses students&#8217; motivations and interests<\/li>\n<li>Connects to real-world problems<\/li>\n<li>Has flexible and contextual aims and objectives<\/li>\n<li>Enables students to\u00a0make things, find things out, express themselves artistically and otherwise, and communicate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Per Dewey, kids don&#8217;t need &#8220;freedom from&#8221; structure, teachers, and disciplined inquiry; they need &#8220;freedom to&#8221; act, learn, grow and interact.<\/p>\n<p>Freire: Education is either a tool for oppression or for liberation. And it needs to make sure students&#8217; basic needs are met first&#8211;learning is impossible if you&#8217;re hungry. Authentic teaching enacts a clear authority but it is not authoritarian. What&#8217;s the difference?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Being <em>authoritative<\/em>\u00a0comes from mastery of subject matter, master musicianship, ethics, mentoring ability<\/li>\n<li>Being <em>authoritarian<\/em> is knowledge drummed into students without ethical considerations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Teachers should helps students overcome paralyzing social constructs. All experiences need to be interrogated, including the teacher&#8217;s. &#8220;To speak a true word is to transform the world.&#8221; He was a devout Aristotelian before he wrote Pedagogy of the Oppressed&#8211;did he have a hidden agenda? A dogma? Did he have some backwards ideas about women?<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nel_Noddings\">Noddings<\/a>\u00a0argues that\u00a0education has to address three different spheres: home, occupation, and civic life. That last sphere should\u00a0help students grow\u00a0democratically in the Deweyan sense. Teachers should work together with students\u00a0while also\u00a0caring for them. Education should have a simultaneous concern for subject matter and student well-being.<\/p>\n<p>Elliott and Silverman want us to understand\u00a0education as not (only) being accumulated knowledge;\u00a0skill development; self-discipline; cultural transmission; development of creative and autonomous thinking; preprofessional training; assimilation into the free market. It is\u00a0not the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Banking_education\">banking model<\/a> described by Paulo Freire. It most certainly is\u00a0not the high-stakes testing, fetishizing of &#8220;rigorous&#8221; quantitative metrics, privatization, or other corporate neoliberalist innovations. Education should be <em>social praxis:<\/em>\u00a0holistic, balanced, ethical, intersubjective, communal. It should motivate active engagement and creativity, and thereby\u00a0support human flourishing.<\/p>\n<p>Elliott and Silverman further distinguish &#8220;EDUCATIONS&#8221; from &#8220;Education.&#8221; EDUCATIONS are all possible instances and forms of teaching and learning in the world.\u00a0Education\u00a0is\u00a0an instance of educational praxis that incorporates the four mutually interacting subjective dimensions of human engagement:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Persons: learners and teachers of all ages at all ability levels, along with parents, administrators and community members<\/li>\n<li>Processes: all educative and ethical forms of action and interactions, formal and informal, that lead to growth and development<\/li>\n<li>Outcomes: musical understandings and enjoyment; personal and social dispositions, activities and transformations<\/li>\n<li>Contexts: musical, social, political, economic<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>This definition dovetails well with the progressive music educators who inspired my own music practice, and who described my own <a href=\"https:\/\/ethanhein.com\/wp\/2014\/my-music-education\/\">substantive music education<\/a>\u00a0outside of classrooms.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Music-Meaning-Transformation-Meaningful-Making\/dp\/1847182135\" target=\"_blank\">Steve Dillon<\/a>\u00a0argues that\u00a0the point of music education should be to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ethanhein.com\/wp\/2013\/music-students-and-maker-culture\/\" target=\"_blank\">soften emotional\u00a0blows<\/a>, and that,\u00a0done right, music is\u00a0\u201ca powerful weapon against depression.\u201d We should be\u00a0creating\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ethanhein.com\/wp\/2016\/please-stop-saying-consuming-music\/\">producers, not just consumers<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s a wonderful (terrible) example of a non-educative attitude among music teachers, from the &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/ethanhein.com\/wp\/2015\/you-kids-like-the-wrong-music\/\">you kids like\u00a0the wrong things<\/a>&#8221; genre.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ethanhein.com\/wp\/2015\/you-kids-like-the-wrong-music\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"13711\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/2015\/you-kids-like-the-wrong-music\/contempt\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/contempt.jpg?fit=625%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"625,351\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"You kids like the wrong music\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/contempt.jpg?fit=625%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13711\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/contempt.jpg?resize=625%2C351&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"You kids like the wrong music\" width=\"625\" height=\"351\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/contempt.jpg?w=625&amp;ssl=1 625w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/contempt.jpg?resize=300%2C168&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Another non-educative theme I see in the music world is the concept of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ethanhein.com\/wp\/2015\/talent-considered-harmful\/\">talent<\/a>. I hear it in debates about whether it&#8217;s worth devoting resources to teaching &#8220;non-talented&#8221; students, and I hear it in everyday conversations when\u00a0people say they abandoned music study because of lack of talent. Whether in-born musical ability exists or not, I can&#8217;t say, but I do believe that we need to take a growth mindset and assume\u00a0that musicians are made rather than born.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Public-facing note taking on\u00a0Music Matters by David Elliott and Marissa Silverman\u00a0for my Philosophy of Music Education class. What is education? The etymology of the word &#8220;education&#8221; from its various Latin roots gives a good overview of modern senses of the word: Educationem: rearing children, animals, plants and promoting physical development Educare: to train or mold &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/2016\/music-matters-chapter-four\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Music Matters chapter four&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,927],"tags":[1651,1204,1671,1652,1654,1160,1751,1740,1653,560,1780,1439],"class_list":["post-14906","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-autobio","category-music-teaching","tag-david-elliott","tag-education","tag-john-dewey","tag-marissa-silverman","tag-music-matters","tag-music-teaching-2","tag-nel-noddings","tag-paolo-freire","tag-phd","tag-philosophy","tag-schools","tag-talent","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pAPdE-3Sq","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14906","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14906"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14906\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14991,"href":"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14906\/revisions\/14991"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14906"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14906"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ethanhein.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14906"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}